The rapid advancement in embedded systems and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has created unprecedented opportunities for intelligent energy management and real-time power consumption monitoring. This project presents the design and implementation of a Smart Energy Meter with IoT-Based Real-Time Monitoring system, which addresses the critical need for accurate, accessible, and intelligent power consumption tracking in residential and commercial environments.

At the heart of the system lies the ESP32 microcontroller, which serves as both the processing unit and the IoT gateway. The PZEM-004T V3.0 AC monitoring module provides high-precision measurement of six critical electrical parameters simultaneously, including voltage, current, active power, energy consumption, power factor, and frequency. A Current Transformer (CT) coil enables non-invasive current measurement without interrupting the existing electrical circuit, ensuring safe and convenient installation.

The ESP32 collects real-time data from the PZEM-004T module and transmits it wirelessly to a cloud-based IoT platform, enabling users to monitor their energy consumption from anywhere through a smartphone or web interface. The system provides instant alerts for abnormal conditions such as voltage fluctuations, excessive current draw, or poor power factor, helping users take corrective action and optimize their energy usage..