The construction industry is undergoing a transformation with the adoption of advanced digital technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing. Among these, Digital Twin has emerged as a powerful concept that enables real-time monitoring, analysis, and optimization of construction projects. However, its implementation in small-scale construction projects remains limited due to various challenges.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of existing literature on the application of Digital Twin technology in construction, with a specific focus on small-scale projects. The study analyzes previous research to identify key benefits, challenges, and limitations associated with Digital Twin adoption. The findings indicate that while Digital Twin improves project efficiency, decision-making, and monitoring, its implementation is restricted by factors such as high cost, lack of technical knowledge, limited digital infrastructure, and resistance to change.

The review also highlights a significant research gap in the practical application of Digital Twin technology in small-scale construction projects. The paper concludes that there is a need for simple, cost-effective, and scalable solutions to enhance Digital Twin adoption in small-scale construction environments.