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International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology

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DROWSINESS DETECTION USING GENERATIVE AI: A PRACTICAL APPROACH FOR REAL-TIME DRIVER SAFETY

AUTHORS:
Raj Shekhar Mishra
Mentor
Ankur Chaudhary
Affiliation
BTech(Information Technology) Department of Information Technology
CC BY 4.0 License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract

Let me start with a simple truth — drowsy driving kills. Every year, thousands of people lose their lives because a driver fell asleep at the wheel. Traditional drowsiness detection systems try to solve this problem, but they have a fundamental flaw — they treat every driver the same way. Fixed thresholds for eye closure and yawning simply do not work for everyone. A driver with naturally small eyes gets false alerts constantly. Another driver who is genuinely drowsy but has wide eyes slips through. In this paper, we present a completely different ap- proach using Generative AI, specifically a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN). Our system learns each driver’s unique alert face during the first few minutes of driving. Then it continuously compares their real-time face against a personalized baseline. If something looks off — even subtle drowsiness before the eyes fully close — the system triggers an alert. We trained and tested this system on the NTHU Drowsy Driver Dataset, and the results were impressive — 94.8% detection accuracy with only 2.1% false positives. The system runs in under 150 milliseconds per frame on standard hardware. This is not just another drowsiness detector. This is a system that actually adapts to the person behind the wheel.

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Mishra, R. S. (2026). Drowsiness Detection using Generative AI: A Practical Approach for Real-Time Driver Safety. International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, 02(05). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i5.253

Mishra, Raj. "Drowsiness Detection using Generative AI: A Practical Approach for Real-Time Driver Safety." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, vol. 02, no. 05, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i5.253.

Mishra, Raj. "Drowsiness Detection using Generative AI: A Practical Approach for Real-Time Driver Safety." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology 02, no. 05 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i5.253.

References
1.National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, ”Drowsy driving 2024 data,” NHTSA Traffic Safety Facts, Report DOT HS 813 458, 2025.

2.Goodfellow, J. Pouget-Abadie, M. Mirza, B. Xu, D. Warde-Farley,Ozair, A. Courville, and Y. Bengio, ”Generative adversarial nets,” in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), 2014, pp. 2672-2680.

3.Mirza and S. Osindero, ”Conditional generative adversarial nets,”arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.1784, 2014.

4.Isola, J. Y. Zhu, T. Zhou, and A. A. Efros, ”Image-to-image translation with conditional adversarial networks,” in Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2017, pp. 1125-1134.

5.Wen, M. Yan, and Y. Zhang, ”Drowsy driver detection based on generative adversarial networks,” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 12467-12478, 2022.

6.Wang, J. Wang, and X. Li, ”Real-time driver drowsiness detection using deep convolutional neural networks,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 45230-45242, 2023.

7.Liu, T. Chen, and Q. Zhang, ”Temporal modeling of driver drowsiness using LSTM networks,” Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 345-358, 2023.

8.Chen, S. Kumar, and R. Gupta, ”A survey of driver drowsiness detection systems,” ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1-35, 2024.

9.H. Weng, Y. H. Lai, and S. H. Lai, ”Driver drowsiness detection via a hierarchical temporal deep belief network,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2019, pp. 567-576.

10.Zhang, L. Wang, and Y. Zhao, ”Few-shot learning for driver monitoring systems,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 1820-1832, 2024.
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This article has undergone plagiarism screening and double-blind peer review. Editorial policies have been followed. Authors retain copyright under CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The research complies with ethical standards and institutional guidelines.
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