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INVESTIGATIONS INTO PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS AND HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND FORMATION: A META-ANALYSIS REVIEW

AUTHORS:
RASHMI SHRIVASTVA
NILESH DAGADU PATIL
Mentor
DR. HARDEV
Affiliation

SABARMATI UNIVERSITY GUJRAT

CC BY 4.0 License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract

The confluence of synthetic peptide chemistry and heterocyclic synthesis is an area of rapid development that has high levels of attention because of its importance in drug development, materials science, and biochemical studies. This article presents a meta-analysis of literature in the last two decades on the synthesis, characterization, and application of peptide-heterocycle conjugates and their synthetic methods. Utilizing a systematic analysis of 156 peer-reviewed articles published from 2004 to 2024, this review highlights recent trends in synthetic strategies, such as the use of solid-phase peptide synthesis in conjunction with heterocyclic modifications, click chemistry, as well as biorthogonal reactions. The data clearly shows that peptide conjugation using pyrazole, triazole, and imidazole derivatives have received the greatest attention and the resulting system are used in various applications from antimicrobial agents to targeted therapy. Statistical analysis shows a 340% growth in publications blending the two fields during the review period, with a trend favoring the growth of the peptidomimetic development and of the constrained peptide architectures. This review aims to give an overview of emerging synthetic approaches, which might pave the ways forward for reducing the gap in the peptide-heterocycle hybrid world by using them as powerful candidates for complex, better and more effective biological systems and prospects pertaining to translation to real rapid synthesis and versatile bioactive molecules.

Keywords
synthetic peptides heterocyclic synthesis peptidomimetics bioconjugation drug discovery.
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SHRIVASTVA, R. & PATIL, N. D. (2026). Investigations into Peptide Synthesis and Heterocyclic Compound Formation: A Meta-Analysis Review. International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, Volume 10(01), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i2.001

SHRIVASTVA, RASHMI, and NILESH PATIL. "Investigations into Peptide Synthesis and Heterocyclic Compound Formation: A Meta-Analysis Review." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, vol. Volume 10, no. 01, 2026, pp. 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i2.001.

SHRIVASTVA, RASHMI, and NILESH PATIL. "Investigations into Peptide Synthesis and Heterocyclic Compound Formation: A Meta-Analysis Review." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology Volume 10, no. 01 (2026): 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i2.001.

References

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4                 F. Martinez-Rodriguez, P. A. Kumar, D. S. Mitchell, and A. L. Rodriguez, "Peptidomimetic design incorporating pyrazole frameworks for enhanced proteolytic stability," Chem. Biol. Drug Des., vol. 89, no. 4, pp. 542-551, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.1111/cbdd.12891.


5                 N. P. Anderson, R. K. Johnson, M. S. Davis, and L. R. Thompson, "Copper-free click chemistry in peptide-heterocycle conjugation: SPAAC reactions on solid support," Tetrahedron Lett., vol. 58, no. 33, pp. 3247-3251, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.07.018.


6                 K. L. Morrison, J. D. Stewart, C. R. Miller, and B. S. Wilson, "Imidazole-containing peptide conjugates as metal-chelating therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases," ACS Med. Chem. Lett., vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 789-794, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00201.


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9                 V. S. Patel, M. R. Kumar, N. A. Shah, and P. K. Sharma, "Thiazole-linked antimicrobial peptides: Synthesis via solid-phase methodology and activity against drug-resistant pathogens," Bioorg. Chem., vol. 82, pp. 409-418, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.034.


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This article has undergone plagiarism screening and double-blind peer review. Editorial policies have been followed. Authors retain copyright under CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The research complies with ethical standards and institutional guidelines.
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