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OPTIMIZING E-COMMERCE DELIVERY USING TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT MODELS

AUTHORS:
Khushi Sarkar
Kushagra Agrawal
Maanit Maniar
Mannan Singh Ahuja
Mishti Jalan
Mentor
Affiliation
INDEPENDENT RESEARCHER
DOI: 10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.003
CC BY 4.0 License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Abstract
Operations Research (OR) applies mathematical models to decisions made under limited resources. Every OR study follows the same pattern: define the decision variables, state an objective to minimise or maximise, list the constraints, solve the model, and interpret the answer. The Linear Programming Problem (LPP) is the parent model, and it is solved by the Simplex method or by software built on it. Two special LPPs are used in this project:

  • Transportation Problem: ship one product from m sources to n destinations at minimum total cost, respecting supply and demand.

  • Assignment Problem: match n people to n jobs one-to-one at minimum total cost or time (a transportation problem in which every supply and demand equals 1).


Both have special, simpler solution methods than the general Simplex. For the transportation problem we find an initial basic feasible solution (IBFS) by the Northwest Corner, Least Cost or Vogel's Approximation Method (VAM) and then test optimality by the MODI (u–v) method. For the assignment problem we use the Hungarian method (Kuhn, 1955). Table 1 shows how these map to e-commerce delivery.
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Double-Blind Peer Review
License:
CC BY-NC 4.0
Volume/Issue:
Volume 02, Issue 10
Review Rounds:
2
Article Type:
Research Article
Publication Date:
Oct 05 2026
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Sarkar, K., Agrawal, K., Maniar, M., Ahuja, M. S. & Jalan, M. (2026). Optimizing E-Commerce Delivery Using Transportation and Assignment Models. International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, 02(10), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.003

Sarkar, Khushi, et al.. "Optimizing E-Commerce Delivery Using Transportation and Assignment Models." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, vol. 02, no. 10, 2026, pp. 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.003.

Sarkar, Khushi,Kushagra Agrawal,Maanit Maniar,Mannan Ahuja, and Mishti Jalan. "Optimizing E-Commerce Delivery Using Transportation and Assignment Models." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology 02, no. 10 (2026): 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.003.

References
Banik, D., & Hasan, M. Z. (2018). Transportation cost optimization of an online business applying Vogel's approximation method. World Scientific News, 96, 179–190.

Rahman, L. N., & Wahyudin, W. (2021). Optimalisasi penugasan karyawan jasa ekspedisi menggunakan metode Hungarian (studi kasus CV. Anteraja cabang Mekarmukti). Jurnal Serambi Engineering, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.32672/jse.v6i3.3245

Vásconez, J. P., Schotborgh, E., Vásconez, I. N., Moya, V., & Pilco, A. (2024). Smart delivery assignment through machine learning and the Hungarian algorithm. Smart Cities, 7(3), 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities7030047

Kuhn, H. W. (1955). The Hungarian method for the assignment problem. Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, 2(1–2), 83–97.

Shore, H. H. (1970). The transportation problem and the Vogel approximation method. Decision Sciences, 1(3–4), 441–457.

Taha, H. A. Operations Research: An Introduction (8th ed.). Pearson
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This article has undergone plagiarism screening and double-blind peer review. Editorial policies have been followed. Authors retain copyright under CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The research complies with ethical standards and institutional guidelines.
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