Amidst significant geopolitical shifts, the need to restructure the rules-based international order becomes essential to preserving world peace, justice, and collaboration. According to this study, "Reforming the Rules-based International Order: Opportunities and Challenges in a Shifting Global Landscape", multilateral institutions must undergo strategic reforms in order to become more responsive to modern threats such as cybercrimes and climate change, as well as growing multipolarity and technological advancements. According to recent developments in international law and normative frameworks, the answer is yes, there are several options to improve institutional efficacy.

Critically, the article highlights the difficulties caused by power imbalances in organizations such as the UN Security Council, where veto powers impede group efforts, as outlined in Chapter V of the UN Charter (Articles 23-32). Recent judicial decisions that uphold sovereignty and accountability shed light on reform opportunities. The International Court of Justice's (ICJ) Provisional Measures Order of 26 January 2024, for instance, mandates immediate humanitarian protections in the case of Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel), illustrating the judiciary's role in upholding international humanitarian law during times of conflict. The Court's proactive approach to addressing violations of the 1948 Genocide Convention is further supported by a request for additional measures on May 10, 2024, and subsequent changes on March 28, 2024.

From a diplomatic perspective, the paper emphasizes how new accords might help close governance gaps. Building on the UN Convention against Corruption, which was ratified in 2023–2024, the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime, which was adopted by the General Assembly on December 24, 2024, via Resolution A/RES/79/243, is an important step in coordinating international responses to transnational threats. Echoing the tenets of the UN Charter's Chapter VI on pacific dispute settlement, the Pact for the Future, which includes the Global Digital Compact, is codified in A/RES/79/1 on September 22, 2024, and affirmatively pledges to inclusive multilateralism.

As demonstrated by the World Trade Organization's (WTO) continuing dispute settlement changes, the discourse traverses obstacles including institutional inertia. By eliminating appellate body crises and improving trade equality, the Ministerial Decision on Dispute Settlement Reform of March 2, 2024, at MC13, moves the system closer to being completely operational by 2024. Applications for arrest warrants filed by the International Criminal Court (ICC) in the Situation in the State of Palestine on May 20, 2024, highlight Rome Statute responsibility and combat impunity in changing environments in the field of international criminal justice.

Additionally, based on the ICJ's advisory procedures on climate commitments, which were sought in 2023 and are expected to deliver an opinion in 2025, this paper promotes proactive changes that favour sovereignty while promoting collective security in line with the execution of the Paris Agreement. By including these components, the study confirms that a reformed order may lessen difficulties such as geopolitical rivalry, guaranteeing a robust international system. There are chances to use agreements like the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to direct fair changes. Finally, this academic effort tactfully urges coordinated global action to achieve a more flexible, inclusive system that transcends present divisions and leads to long-term peace and prosperity.