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International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology

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HOSPITAL OPERATING ROOM SCHEDULING AND STAFF ASSIGNMENT

AUTHORS:
Riya Jajodia
Dhruv Ahuja
Viraaj Kulkarni
Ayaan Sheth
Riddhimaan Sharma
Yashasvi Sonthalia
Mentor
Affiliation

Bachelor of Science in Finance (Second Year, Semester III)


NMIMS University, Mumbai, India

DOI: 10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.057
CC BY 4.0 License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Abstract
Operating rooms are among the costliest and busiest units in a hospital. California hospital data put one operating room minute at about 36 to 37 US dollars in 2014 and about 58 in 2022. This paper builds an optimisation model that schedules surgeries into rooms and days while respecting nurse and surgeon limits, minimising a weighted cost of opened room days, overtime, delayed surgeries and unscheduled surgeries. The model is solved with the CP-SAT solver in Google OR-Tools on synthetic instances of 10 to 100 surgeries. The 10 and 20 surgery cases were solved to proven optimality, while the 40, 70 and 100 surgery cases reached gaps of 2.8% to 6.7% within a 20 second limit. Four sensitivity tests varied session length, weekly demand, nurse availability and overtime cost. Extending sessions from 480 to 540 minutes cut cost by about 10%, and four rooms handled 55 surgeries a week but not 65. Surgeries were deferred at 8 nurses a day, all were scheduled at 10, and there was no firm gain above 12. A higher overtime cost removed almost all overtime with little effect on throughput. Because the data and costs are assumed, the results indicate how the system behaves rather than what a hospital would save.
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PUBLICATION DETAILS
Review Type:
Double-Blind Peer Review
License:
CC BY-NC 4.0
Volume/Issue:
Volume 02, Issue 10
Review Rounds:
2
Article Type:
Research Article
Publication Date:
Oct 12 2026
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Jajodia, R., Ahuja, D., Kulkarni, V., Sheth, A., Sharma, R. & Sonthalia, Y. (2026). Hospital Operating Room Scheduling and Staff Assignment. International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, 02(10), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.057

Jajodia, Riya, et al.. "Hospital Operating Room Scheduling and Staff Assignment." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, vol. 02, no. 10, 2026, pp. 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.057.

Jajodia, Riya,Dhruv Ahuja,Viraaj Kulkarni,Ayaan Sheth,Riddhimaan Sharma, and Yashasvi Sonthalia. "Hospital Operating Room Scheduling and Staff Assignment." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology 02, no. 10 (2026): 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i10.057.

References

Aktas, E., Atmaca, H. E., & Akbulut, H. E. (2024). Operating room and surgical team members scheduling: A comprehensive review. Journal of Project Management, 9(2), 149–162. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.jpm.2023.12.001


Al Amin, M., Baldacci, R., & Kayvanfar, V. (2025a). A comprehensive review on operating room scheduling and optimization. Operational Research, 25(1), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12351-024-00884-z


Al Amin, M., Hadid, M., Elomri, A., Ismaen, R., Dergaa, I., Alashi, H., Al-Hajaji, A. J., Alkhalil, M., Aboumarzouk, O. M., & El Omri, A. (2025b). Exploring the landscape of operating room scheduling: A bibliometric analysis of recent advancements and future prospects. Biomedical Engineering and Computational Biology, 16. https://doi.org/10.1177/11795972241271549


Ashrafi, A., Maggard-Gibbons, M., & Childers, C. P. (2026). Costs, charges, and revenue of hospital operating rooms in California. JAMA Surgery. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2026.2355


Bandi, C., & Gupta, D. (2020). Operating room staffing and scheduling. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 22(5), 958–974. https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2019.0781


Beliën, J., & Demeulemeester, E. (2008). A branch-and-price approach for integrating nurse and surgery scheduling. European Journal of Operational Research, 189(3), 652–668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.10.060


Breuer, D. J., Lahrichi, N., Clark, D. E., & Benneyan, J. C. (2020). Robust combined operating room planning and personnel scheduling under uncertainty. Operations Research for Health Care, 27, 100276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orhc.2020.100276

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✓ All ethical standards met
This article has undergone plagiarism screening and double-blind peer review. Editorial policies have been followed. Authors retain copyright under CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The research complies with ethical standards and institutional guidelines.
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