Rapid urbanization has intensified both freshwater scarcity in agricultural regions and the challenge of sustainable municipal wastewater disposal. This study presents a comparative field experiment evaluating the effects of Treated Sewage Water (TSW) versus Raw Water (RW) irrigation, both supplemented with 100% NPK chemical fertilizer, on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop yield and soil health parameters. Two plots of 24 ft² each, located on a Black Cotton soil profile at JSPM’s Narhe Technical Campus, Pune, India, were established using a Randomized Block Design (RBD). Wheat was sown on 13 December 2025 and harvested on 17 March 2026, covering a 95-day growing cycle. Soil physicochemical parameters—including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), moisture content, and water holding capacity (WHC)—were analyzed at three stages (initial, mid-season, and post-harvest) by ISO-certified Kiaan Laboratories. Water quality of the TSW supply was also characterized across all four irrigation events. Results demonstrated that TSW-irrigated wheat (Plot 2) yielded 1.5 kg with a plant height of 67 cm, compared to

1.2 kg and 63 cm for the RW-irrigated plot, representing yield and height increases of 25% and 6.3%, respectively. TSW maintained a stable soil pH (7.65) and elevated EC (172 μs/cm), while the RW plot exhibited a declining pH (7.15) and markedly elevated final EC (240 μs/cm), suggesting salt stress from intensified fertilizer interaction. These findings support the viability of TSW as a sustainable, nutrient-supplementing alternative to raw water irrigation under controlled conditions, subject to rigorous quality monitoring.