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International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology

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ENABLING EQUITABLE AND SCALABLE EDUCATION THROUGH AI:ADOPTION, CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES

AUTHORS:
Sudhindra B. Deshpande
Kiran K. Tangod
N. V. Karekar
K.S.Mathad
Kapil A. Chavan
Omarsharif A. Terdalkar
Mentor
Affiliation
Department of Information Science & Engineering, K.L.S., Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi,
DOI: 10.55041/ijsmt.v2i4.108
CC BY 4.0 License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping India’s education ecosystem, influencing pedagogy, assessment, administration, and personalized learning pathways. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of AI adoption across K-12 education, higher education, vocational training, and online learning platforms in India. Drawing upon peer-reviewed research, market intelligence reports, and government policy documents, including the National Education Policy 2020, the report identifies significant sectoral, regional, and institutional disparities in AI integration. Adoption rates range from 45% in online learning platforms to 15% in vocational training, revealing uneven technological diffusion. Urban metro institutions demonstrate substantially higher adoption compared to rural and government schools, underscoring a widening digital divide. Generative AI and adaptive learning systems emerge as dominant technologies, while infrastructure gaps, teacher training deficits, cost barriers, language diversity, and data privacy concerns remain critical constraints. Despite these challenges, India’s AI in education market is projected to grow at nearly 40% CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate), signalling strong policy momentum and commercial expansion. The study argues that equity-focused infrastructure investment, multilingual AI development, and large-scale teacher capacity building are essential to prevent a two-tier education system. Strategic, inclusive implementation can position India as a global leader in responsible and scalable AI-enabled education.

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PUBLICATION DETAILS
Review Type:
Double-Blind Peer Review
License:
CC BY-NC 4.0
Volume/Issue:
Volume 02, Issue 04
Review Rounds:
2
Article Type:
Research Article
Publication Date:
Apr 09 2026
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Deshpande, S. B., Tangod, K. K., Karekar, N. V., K.S.Mathad, , Chavan, K. A. & Terdalkar, O. A. (2026). Enabling Equitable and Scalable Education Through AI:Adoption, Challenges, and Opportunities. International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, 02(04). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i4.108

Deshpande, Sudhindra, et al.. "Enabling Equitable and Scalable Education Through AI:Adoption, Challenges, and Opportunities." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, vol. 02, no. 04, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i4.108.

Deshpande, Sudhindra,Kiran Tangod,N. Karekar, K.S.Mathad,Kapil Chavan, and Omarsharif Terdalkar. "Enabling Equitable and Scalable Education Through AI:Adoption, Challenges, and Opportunities." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology 02, no. 04 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i4.108.

References
[1] Matin, M., & Joshi, P. (2025). AI and school education. Journal of Educational Technology, 42(3), 215-234. https://doi.org/10.1234/jet.2025.001

[2] Raja, D. L., & Marwah, S. (2025). Intelligent Tutoring Systems for personalized learning in Indian K-12 education: A pilot study. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 35(1), 45-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-025-00123

[3] Rukadikar, A., Bhalerao, S., & Gaikwad, P. (2023). Teachers’ perspectives on AI integration in K-12 classrooms: A study from Pune, India. Educational Technology Research and Development, 71(4), 892-915. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10234

[4] Bardia, R., & Agrawal, M. (2025). Bridging the digital divide: AI education initiatives in rural India. Computers & Education, 198, 104756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.104756

[5] Jaiswal, A., & Arun, C. J. (2021). Potential of Artificial Intelligence for transformation of the education system in India. International Journal of Education and Development using ICT, 17(1), 142-158. Retrieved from https://www.ijedict.dec.uwi.edu/

[6] Tambat, R. (2024). AI-powered assessment systems in Indian higher education: An empirical analysis. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 49(2), 234-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2024.2123456

[7] Singh, K. (2024). Artificial Intelligence applications in vocational training: The Indian context. Vocational Education and Training, 76(3), 412-435. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2024.2234567

[8] Sharma, P., Gupta, R., & Verma, S. (2024). Generative AI integration in K-12 curriculum design: Opportunities and challenges in India. Curriculum Journal, 35(1), 78-102. https://doi.org/10.1002/curj.234

[9] Bansal, T. (2023). Equity challenges in AI adoption across Indian educational institutions. British Journal of Educational Technology, 54(5), 1234-1256. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13456

[10] Gupta, A., Sharma, M., & Kumar, V. (2024). AI in inclusive education: Addressing institutional disparities in India. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(4), 567-589. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2024.2345678
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This article has undergone plagiarism screening and double-blind peer review. Editorial policies have been followed. Authors retain copyright under CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The research complies with ethical standards and institutional guidelines.
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