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International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology

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ISSN: 3108-1762 (Online)
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VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

AUTHORS:
Dr. Purnanand N. Sangalad
Mentor
Affiliation
Department of Criminology and Forensic Science, Karnatak University, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad- 580 001, Karnataka state, India
CC BY 4.0 License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this article is to conduct a rapid and critical review of the literature regarding the relationship between violence against women (VAW) and the COVID-19 pandemic it’s Effects on Mental Health.

Methodology: The analyses were performed using a random-effects restricted maximum-likelihood model. Following the screening process, 51 articles were selected for review. The findings indicate that most studies suggest an increase in domestic violence following lockdowns.

Results: Our results demonstrate that the strategies implemented to combat the pandemic have exacerbated VAW, leading to what the United Nations has called a termed pandemic within the pandemic. However, the majority of published data comes from the derived evidence, the internet, internet sources, and helpline articles such as editorials, commentaries with studies have estimated the relation between VAW and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Discussion: To devise the creative develop innovative methods for providing clinical services to VAW victims, healthcare systems should support further research on the relationship between connection and COVID-19. Numerous studies conducted in different cities and countries across the worldwide have identified the increased violence incidents and stay-at-home/lockdown orders.

Conclusion: Numerous factors associated with domestic violence have become more pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic and are likely to contribute to its increase. These factors include substance use and abuse, unemployment, economic hardship, marital discord, social isolation, and a rise in attempts by abusers to exert power and control. In the long term, victims and survivors of domestic abuse are expected to be disproportionately affected by the unprecedented financial strain caused by the pandemic.

 
Keywords
Violence; Domestic; Pandemic; Health; Partner
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Sangalad, P. N. (2026). Violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic: A Review of the Literature. International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, 02(6). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i6.151

Sangalad, Purnanand. "Violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, vol. 02, no. 6, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i6.151.

Sangalad, Purnanand. "Violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology 02, no. 6 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i6.151.

References
[1] World Health Organization (WHO). Violence Against Women 2021. Available at: https:// www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women

[2] UN Women. COVID-19 and Ending Violence against Women and Girls 2020. Available at:

https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2020/04/issue-brief-covid-19-and-ending-violence-against-women-andgirls#view.

[3] World Health Organization (WHO). Violence Prevention 2020. www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/en/.

[4] van Gelder N. Peterman A. Potts A. O’Donnell M. Thompson K. Shah N. Oertelt-Prigione S. Gender and COVID-19 working group. COVID-19: reducing the risk of infection might increase the risk of intimate partner violence.  EClinicalMedicine 2020; 11 (4):100348.

[5] UN General Assembly. Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women. United Nations, Treaty Series 1979;1249:13.

[6] Council of Europe. The Council of Europe convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence 2014; ISBN 978-92-871-7990-6. http://www.refworld.org/ docid/548165c94.html

[7] Ellsberg MC. Violence against women: a global public health crisis. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 2006; 34:1–4.

[8] Garcia-Moreno C. Jansen HAFM. Ellsberg M. Heise L. Watts C. WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: Initial results on prevalence, health outcomes, and women’s responses. Geneva 2005: WHO.

[9] Golding JM. Intimate partner violence as a risk factor for mental disorders: a meta-analysis. Journal of Family Violence 1999; 14(2): 99–132.

[10] Plichta SB. Intimate partner violence and physical health consequences: policy and practice implications. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2004; 19: 1296–1323.
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✓ All ethical standards met
This article has undergone plagiarism screening and double-blind peer review. Editorial policies have been followed. Authors retain copyright under CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The research complies with ethical standards and institutional guidelines.
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