In the mechanical field, the trend of using lightweight, slim, and compact mechanical components in the medical, nuclear reactor, aerospace, and automotive industries leads to the growth of strong materials with high-temperature resistance properties and strength for various applications. These materials have various features, like being highly corrosion resistant, less heat sensitive, tougher, and harder, but it is also difficult to machine . The conventional methods are inefficient in machining these "difficult-to-machine" materials with higher accuracy. Additionally, materials with high surface finishes, tight tolerances, and complicated geometries make conventional methods difficult. It sparks the evolution of advanced and new technologies which compute with ease and precision. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is widely applied to machines like high-strength and temperature-resistant (HSTR) alloys and 'difficult-to-machine.' It is mainly utilized in the mold and die-making industries. Joseph Priestly, a physicist, discovered the corrosive impact of electrical discharges on metals in 1770. Dr. Russian scientist B.R. Lazarenko and Dr. N.I. Lazarenko developed the later EDM method in 1943. Intermittent arcing in the air between electrodes attached to a DC power source was used to detect material erosion.

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a non-traditional thermoelectric machining method of removing materials by generating a sequence of electric sparks when electrodes are held closely together in a dielectric medium. A large potential difference is applied across them. These sparks cause localized zones of high temperature, which causes the material in the workpiece to melt and vaporize. The inter-electrode gap of the first spark is minimum.

The machine regions are overheating, resulting in minimum accuracy. Early power supplies of the resistance-capacitance (R-C) variety, commonly referred to as the Lazarenko, employed a circuit that served as a spark producer for EDM machines. The development of orbiting systems and the implementation of pulse and solid-state generators during the 1960s helped ease the problems associated with weak electrodes. Due to the advancement, the number of electrodes utilized to create cavities decreased in the 1970s. The first generation of computer numerical controlled (CNC) EDM was released in the United States of America in the 1980s, which greatly increased the productivity of EDM. CNC control system enables smoother finishing cut through the Self-regulated and un attended machining.