Opencast mining dominates coal production in India due to its high productivity, lower extraction costs, and suitability for shallow coal deposits. However, large-scale excavation, drilling, blasting, transportation, and material handling activities generate significant dust and noise pollution, posing serious environmental, occupational, and public health concerns. Dust emissions contribute to deteriorating air quality, respiratory diseases, vegetation damage, and reduced agricultural productivity, while excessive noise exposure affects worker health, community well-being, and ecosystem stability. With increasing emphasis on sustainable mining and environmental compliance, effective pollution control technologies have become a critical component of mine management. This review critically examines dust and noise pollution control technologies employed in opencast coal mines, with particular emphasis on Indian coalfields such as Jharia, Raniganj, Korba, Singrauli, Talcher, and SCCL-operated mines. A systematic review methodology based on PRISMA guidelines was adopted to evaluate scientific literature, government reports, and industrial case studies published between 2015 and 2026. The review assesses conventional control technologies including water sprinkling systems, fog cannons, wet drilling, acoustic enclosures, mufflers, green belts, and personal protective equipment. Emerging innovations such as IoT-enabled environmental monitoring, artificial intelligence-based predictive systems, drone-assisted dust suppression, chemical suppressants, autonomous mining equipment, and digital twin technologies are also examined. The findings indicate that while conventional technologies remain widely adopted, their effectiveness is often constrained by climatic conditions, operational practices, and maintenance challenges. Emerging smart technologies offer substantial opportunities for enhancing pollution control efficiency and regulatory compliance. Lessons learned from successful Indian mining operations demonstrate the importance of integrated environmental management strategies combining engineering controls, ecological restoration, real-time monitoring, and stakeholder engagement. The review concludes with recommendations for policy reforms, technological advancement, and future research aimed at achieving sustainable and environmentally responsible mining practices in India.