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International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology

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LAND, LAW AND SMART SOLUTIONS: AI-DRIVEN ADR AND SUSTAINABLE CERTIFICATIONS FOR REAL ESTATE CONFLICTS IN INDIA

AUTHORS:
Muskan Mittal
Shivina Rathore
Mentor
Affiliation
Department, Jagannath University, Jaipur, India
CC BY 4.0 License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract

“Legal frameworks must evolve to turn disputes into sustainable solutions.” In India, land disputes significantly hinder sustainable development, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and contributing to social unrest. This paper critically examines the intersection of land law, real estate conflicts, and the efficacy of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms. The methodology involves a comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies, legal frameworks and quantitative analysis of historical land dispute data to assess the efficacy of existing ADR frameworks.  The study introduces two innovative approaches: a Sustainable Land Certification (SLC) system and AI-driven predictive analysis. The SLC system incentivizes landowners to engage in ADR by offering benefits such as tax reductions and subsidies for properties resolved through sustainable practices, fostering peaceful conflict resolution aligned with environmental and economic goals. Simultaneously, AI-driven predictive analysis utilizes machine learning to forecast potential disputes by evaluating historical data and socio-cultural factors, enabling proactive mediation before conflicts escalate. Furthermore, the paper explores community-led dispute resolution, technology-enhanced mediation, and international best practices, advocating for policy reforms that support equitable participation and protect the land rights of marginalized groups. By rethinking ADR strategies in the context of real estate conflicts, ultimately this research contributes to developing frameworks that promote social justice, environmental sustainability, and enduring resolutions in alignment with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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Mittal, M. & Rathore, S. (2026). Land, Law and Smart Solutions: AI-Driven ADR and Sustainable Certifications for Real Estate Conflicts in India. International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, 02(05). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i5.205

Mittal, Muskan, and Shivina Rathore. "Land, Law and Smart Solutions: AI-Driven ADR and Sustainable Certifications for Real Estate Conflicts in India." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology, vol. 02, no. 05, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i5.205.

Mittal, Muskan, and Shivina Rathore. "Land, Law and Smart Solutions: AI-Driven ADR and Sustainable Certifications for Real Estate Conflicts in India." International Journal of Science, Strategic Management and Technology 02, no. 05 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsmt.v2i5.205.

References
.Statutes and Legislative Instruments

1.India, The Transfer of Property Act, No. 4 of 1882.

2.India, The Registration Act, No. 16 of 1908.

3.India, The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, No. 26 of 1996.

4.India, The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, No. 30 of 2013.

5.India, The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, No. 16 of 2016.

6.India, The Mediation Act, No. 6 of 2023.

7.United Kingdom, Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007, c.15.

8.United Kingdom, Civil Procedure Rules 1998, S.I. 1998/3132.

9.United States, Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, 42 U.S.C. §§ 4601–4655.

10.Singapore, The Mediation Act, No. 1 of 2017.
Ethics and Compliance
✓ All ethical standards met
This article has undergone plagiarism screening and double-blind peer review. Editorial policies have been followed. Authors retain copyright under CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The research complies with ethical standards and institutional guidelines.
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